Design Systems 101: Foundations
What is a Design System?
Design systems are living collections of design tokens, components, patterns, documentation and usage guidance. They provide a shared language for designers and developers to build consistent UIs efficiently.
Getting Started
Start with a small set of core tokens — colors, spacing, typography, and elevation — then extract common components (buttons, inputs, cards) into reusable pieces.
Design Tokens
Tokens are single sources of truth for your system values. Example:
export const tokens = {
color: {
brand: '#7c3aed',
background: '#0b1020',
},
spacing: {
sm: '8px',
md: '16px',
}
};Components & Documentation
Document usage, accessibility guidance, and variants so contributors understand how to use components and when not to.
Scaling & Governance
Design systems become fragile if they don't have ownership or a contribution model. Define a lightweight governance model — a cross-functional maintainers group and a clear contribution process.
Common Pitfalls
- Trying to solve everything at once — ship iteratively.
- Not documenting accessibility patterns.
- Allowing too many component variations.
Design systems are never finished; they evolve as your product and team grow.